To remove and re-add devices in a zpool, you will need to offline the disk, detach the disk, wipe the gpt partition then re-add it to pool as a new disk. This will re-silver the pool.
sgdisk -Z /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD100EMAZ-Steps.
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Tiny bootable .iso that downloads liveCD images for multiple OS like Debian.
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Came across Revo Uninstaller which seems to be very useful tool to make sure that all files and registry keys are actually removed from windows when you uninstall a program.
https://www.revouninstaller.com/revo-uninstaller-free-download/
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I’ve been a huge fan of promox since version 1.0 – they later implemented native support of my favorite filesystem ZFS and if you are an early adopter like me your proxmox /etc/pve/storage.cfg file may not have some settings like sparse that the new installations configure by default.
Use the following command to see the zfs properties we care about:
zfs get volblocksize,volsize,refreservation,used gdata/pve/base-152-disk-0Expected output
NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE
gdata/pve/base-152-disk-0 volblocksize 8K default
gdata/pve/base-152-disk-0 volsize 64G local
gdata/pve/base-152-disk-0 refreservation none local
gdata/pve/base-152-disk-0 used 7.31G -
The property refreservation=none tells us this disk is thin-provisioned. Meaning ZFS won’t guarantee and account for the VM ‘max disk size’ in the zpool usage metrics. This may be helpful if you want to overprovision a VM disk to say 1TB but rarely use that much and you don’t want zpool list to claim you have 1TB phantom disk usage.
The volsize=64G and refreservation=64G would be set on the example above.
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My notes and resources on X470D4U. This motherboard needs special tweaks in order to have the DDR4 memory settings and timings work.
There are also many ‘quirks’ with this board, when modifying DDR4 overclocking settings the board tends to fail to POST. Removing the CMOS battery and unplugging should do the trick at resetting – but sometimes this is not enough. The workaround is using IPMI to do a ‘bios update’ without preserving bios settings. This usually makes my system be able to POST again.
Windows 10 (due to tools)
* Thaiphoon Burner (to get ram info – but didn’t work for me.)
* ZenTimings (visualization for voltages from Ryzen platform – actually detects individual dims)
* AMD Ryzen Master Utility (AMD own tool)
* HWInfo64
* CPU-Z
Tuning resources / videos:
Video explains detecting memory, using Ryzen Calculator for manual settings input of motherboard.
BIOS walk through for this board. In German.
Some of these tools like Thaiphoon mail fail to work if you don’t have the AMD Chipset drivers installed. Download them, install, reboot, retry. Use the all-in-one detect tool to take care of it (lazy method) although I did all this it did not work for me. Still get the “SPD EEPROM” error. Let me know if you find a solution.
A good guide on memory OC. Another great explanation in detail.
https://forum.level1techs.com/t/list-of-dr-debug-bios-codes/114364
This comment on reddit can explain why a bios flash is the only way to recovery from bad memory OC settings. Includes terminology too.
mostly the same, but…
DRAM Voltage = MEM VDDIO
SOC Voltage = VDDCR SOC
VDDG CCD Voltage = not available in RM
VDDG IOD Voltage = CLDO VDDG
cLDO VDDP Voltage = CLDO VDDP
MEM VTT is simply half of MEM VDDIO and usually there is no need to change that. And you can find it on the Advanced page of DRAM calc.
There is a chance to brick the BIOS by setting wrong values in RM (because they aren’t stored in cmos and can’t be cleared easily). If you don’t have USB flash or dual BIOS then don’t touch it, use BIOS menu.
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Sometimes we want to test software or do remote monitoring and testing that you may not want to pay a premium to do, or maybe you just want to do it as a hobby. In this post I will share some tips on where to find dirt-cheap providers of virtual servers (VPS).
I strongly advise against placing any production or critical workflows on any of these; use for testing or fun.
Continue readingI wanted to document my Microsoft Azure saga in getting a public IPv6 address to work in a virtual machine without a load balancer in front of it. My needs were pretty simple and straightforward I wanted a virtual server that had a static IPv4 and IPv6 public addresses so that I can monitor my home network and other websites.
You would think this would be pretty easy, a few clicks and done? That wasn’t my experience on Azure and setting this up isn’t easy nor straightforward. Below is how to get it done, if this helps you – you can buy me a coffee or beer.
Continue readingPosted in Blog, Cloud, Linux, Technology, Troubleshooting, Virtualization
Tagged azure, cloud, dual stack, ipv6, networking, virtual server, virtualization, vm, vmnet
If you’re looking to create a bootable USB drive to install multiple operating systems or other images you should take a look into Ventoy.
Ventoy is an open source tool that allows you to format the USB disk and drop any .iso image into the USB drive – magically making any .iso be bootable without having to reformat the USB disk multiple times when you want to image different things.
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An aggregate quicklist of commands for use in IPv6 on Windows 10. This is nowhere near exhaustive nor is it intended to be authoritative at all; just a collection of commands I want to save for quick reference.
# Find out the INTERFACE-ID or "ZONE ID" to send outgoing packets thru
netsh interface ipv6 show interface
ping fe80::2080:218b:b6e7:8f35%4 (sends out ping via ID 4)This post is intended to be a quick note to self on linux IPv6 commands, for quick reference when needed.
# Find the route decision for a given address.
ip route get 2a00:1450:4001:820::200e
ip -6 route
route -A inet6 (apt-get install net-tools) # equivalent to netstat -rn -A inet6
netstat -A inet6 -rn
netstat -r
ip -6 route show table 51820
ip -6 neigh
ip -6 neigh show proxy
# DHCPv6 release / renew
dhclient -6 -r ens18
dhclient -6 ens18
# Flush IPv6 neighbors cache
ip -family inet6 neigh flush any
# Find the route decision for a given address.
ip route get 2a00:1450:4001:820::200e
# Request a router advertisement (apt-get install -y ndisc6)
rdisc6 eth0
# Perform a Neighbor Solicitation (arp IPv4 equivalent) (apt-get install -y ndisc6)
ndisc6 2001:db8::42 eth0
# ping multicast address to have all link-local hosts to respond.
ping ff02::1%eth0Good articles about IPv6:
Troubleshooting tools:
Check status of firewall and enable or disable.
# ufw status
# ufw enable
# ufw disable
View firewall rules and number to delete a specific rule.
# ufw status verbose
# ufw status numbered
Delete a firewall rule (from number of last cmd)
# ufw delete 12
Rules needed to allow IPv6 routing via wireguard to endpoint (no iptables forwarding would be needed on IPv6 as the other peer carries the public IP – they also should implement a firewall before using the below command!)
# ufw route allow in on eth0 out on wghub to 2602:xxx:730b:xxx:cafe::12
IPv4 firewall and routing rule to open Plex Media Server port 32400 and internal IPv4 space of wireguard peer.
# ufw allow in on eth0 out on wghub to 10.100.100.11 port 32400
# ufw route allow in on eth0 out on wghub to 10.100.100.11 port 32400
Add rule and get logs for matches of that rule:
# ufw allow log proto any from any to 192.168.1.x
View logs:
# tail -f /var/log/ufw.log
On VPS (public endpoint) forward IPv4 traffic on tcp/32400 to wireguard peer. (recall IPv6 doesn’t need a rule)
# iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 -p tcp –dport 32400 -j DNAT –to 10.100.100.11:32400
For IPv6 I use:
http://www.ipv6scanner.com/cgi-bin/main.py
